Active database systems support mechanisms that enable them to respond automatically to events that are
taking place either inside or outside the database
system itself. Considerable effort has been directed towards improving understanding of such systems in
recent years, and many different proposals have been made and applications suggested. This high level of
activity has not yielded a single agreed-upon standard approach to the integration of active functionality
with conventional database systems, but has led to improved understanding of active behaviour description
languages, execution models, and architectures. This paper presents the fundamental characteristics of active
database systems[11], describes a collection of representative systems within a common framework,
considers the consequences for implementations of certain design decisions, and discusses tools for
developing active applications. Active database management systems are invoked by synchronous events
generated by user or application programs as well as external asynchronous data change events such as a
change in sensor value or time. In this paper gives the introduction of active DBMS[12] and discussed how
it is different from passive DBMS.