Energy Efficient Data Gathering Mechanism In Wireless Sensor Networks Using Mobile Collectors

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged as an effective solution for a wide range of applications. Most of the traditional WSN architectures consist of static nodes which are densely deployed over a sensing area. We introduce a new data-gathering mechanism for large-scale wireless sensor networks by introducing mobility into the network. An M-collector (mobile data collector) starts the data-gathering tour periodically from the static data sink, polls each sensor while traversing its transmission range, then directly collects data from the sensor in single-hop communications, and finally transports the data to the static sink. In this paper, we mainly focus on the problem of minimizing the length of each data-gathering tour and refer to this as the single-hop data-gathering problem (SHDGP). We propose a data-gathering algorithm where multiple M-collectors traverse through several shorter sub tours concurrently to satisfy the distance/time constraints. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed data-gathering algorithm can greatly shorten the moving distance of the collectors and significantly prolong the network lifetime.